Muhammad Ali Jinnah the founder of Pakistan
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PAKISTAN
Pakistan
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the country. For other uses, see Pakistan (disambiguation).
| Islamic Republic of Pakistan | ||||||
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| Motto: ایمان، اتحاد، نظم (Urdu) Īmān, Ittiḥād, Naz&x0324; "Faith, Unity, Discipline" [1] | ||||||
| Anthem: Qaumī Tarānah قومی ترانہ "The National Anthem" | ||||||
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Area controlled by Pakistan shown in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled territory shown in light green.
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| Capital | Islamabad 33°40′N 73°10′E | |||||
| Largest city | Karachi | |||||
| Official languages | ||||||
| Regional languages | Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashto,Balochi, Saraiki, Hindko,Brahui[3][4] | |||||
| Demonym | Pakistani | |||||
| Government | Federal parliamentaryrepublic | |||||
| - | President | Mamnoon Hussain (PML-N) | ||||
| - | Prime Minister | Nawaz Sharif (PML-N) | ||||
| Legislature | Majlis-e-Shoora | |||||
| - | Upper house | Senate | ||||
| - | Lower house | National Assembly | ||||
| Formation | ||||||
| - | Conception of Pakistan | 29 December 1930 | ||||
| - | Pakistan Declaration | 28 January 1933 | ||||
| - | Pakistan Resolution | 23 March 1940 | ||||
| - | Independence | 14 August 1947 | ||||
| - | Islamic Republic | 23 March 1956 | ||||
| - | Breakup of East and West Pakistan | 16 December 1971 | ||||
| - | Current constitution | 14 August 1973 | ||||
| Area | ||||||
| - | Total | 796,095 km2[a] (36th) 307,374 sq mi | ||||
| - | Water (%) | 3.1 | ||||
| Population | ||||||
| - | 2012 estimate | 182,490,721[6] (6th) | ||||
| - | Density | 226.6/km2 (55th) 555/sq mi | ||||
| GDP (PPP) | 2013 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | $574.068 billion[7] (26th) | ||||
| - | Per capita | $3,144[7] (139th) | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | 2013 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | $236.518 billion[7] (45th) | ||||
| - | Per capita | $1,295[7] (147th) | ||||
| Gini (2008) | 30.0[8] medium | |||||
| HDI (2012) |  0.515[9]low · 146th | |||||
| Currency | Pakistani rupee (₨) (PKR) | |||||
| Time zone | PKT (UTC+5) | |||||
| - | Summer (DST) | (UTC+6b) | ||||
| Drives on the | left[10] | |||||
| Calling code | +92 | |||||
| ISO 3166 code | PK | |||||
| Internet TLD | .pk | |||||
| a. | See also Pakistani English. | |||||
| b. | Not always observed; see Daylight saving time in Pakistan. | |||||
Pakistan (
i/ˈpækɨstæn/ or i/pɑːkiˈstɑːn/; Urdu: پاكستان, Pākistān, Urdu: [pɑːkɪst̪ɑːn] (
)), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (Urdu:اسلامی جمہوریۂ پاكستان, Islāmī Jumhūriyah-yi Pākistān, Urdu: [ɪslɑːmi d͡ʒʊmɦuːriə-e pɑːkɪst̪ɑːn]), is a sovereign country in South Asia. With a population exceeding 180 million people, it is the sixth most populous country and with an area covering 796,095 km2 (307,374 sq. miles), it is the 36th largest country in the world in terms of area. Located at the crossroads of the strategically important regions of South Asia, Central Asia andWestern Asia, Pakistan has a 1,046-kilometre (650 mi) coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Indiato the east, Afghanistan to the west and north, Iran to the southwest and China in the far northeast. It is separated from Tajikistan by Afghanistan's narrow Wakhan Corridor in the north, and also shares a marine border with Oman.
i/ˈpækɨstæn/ or i/pɑːkiˈstɑːn/; Urdu: پاكستان, Pākistān, Urdu: [pɑːkɪst̪ɑːn] ( )), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (Urdu:اسلامی جمہوریۂ پاكستان, Islāmī Jumhūriyah-yi Pākistān, Urdu: [ɪslɑːmi d͡ʒʊmɦuːriə-e pɑːkɪst̪ɑːn]), is a sovereign country in South Asia. With a population exceeding 180 million people, it is the sixth most populous country and with an area covering 796,095 km2 (307,374 sq. miles), it is the 36th largest country in the world in terms of area. Located at the crossroads of the strategically important regions of South Asia, Central Asia andWestern Asia, Pakistan has a 1,046-kilometre (650 mi) coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Indiato the east, Afghanistan to the west and north, Iran to the southwest and China in the far northeast. It is separated from Tajikistan by Afghanistan's narrow Wakhan Corridor in the north, and also shares a marine border with Oman.
The territory of modern Pakistan was home to several ancient cultures, including the Neolithic Mehrgarh and the Bronze Age Indus Valley Civilisation. The territory has been the home to kingdoms ruled by people of different faiths and cultures, including Hindus, Persian, Indo-Greek,Islamic, Turco-Mongol, Afghan and Sikh. The area has been ruled by numerous empires and dynasties, including the Indian Mauryan Empire, the Persian Achaemenid Empire, Alexander the Great, the Arab Umayyad Caliphate, the Mongol Empire, the Mughal Empire, the Durrani Empire, theSikh Empire and the British Empire. As a result of the Pakistan Movement led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah and India's struggle for independence, Pakistan was independent in 1947 as an independent nation for Muslims from the regions in the east and west of India where there was a Muslim majority. Initially a dominion, Pakistan adopted a new constitution in 1956, becoming an Islamic republic. A civil war in 1971 resulted in the secession of East Pakistan as the new country of Bangladesh.
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